This report aims at an exploration of extended use of Environmental Impact Assessment (ElA) to other applications than those given by the Environmental Act within the Armed Forces. A short summary of the Act is also given in order to provide the reader with a basic understanding of the ElA and its applications. The Environmental Act came into force on January 1, 1999. The Act meant that several laws were integrated into one single act. Also the regulations concerning the ElA were in that way integrated and made more explicit. The ElA is intended to deal with the direct and indirect consequences to the environment from a decision. We point out some weaknesses in present practice of ElA and we suggest steps to be taken. Such aspects as defence capacity, economy, and employment are not included in an ElA. Therefore, the ElA cannot constitute a complete foundation for a decision. In the light of this it may be considered to integrate other aspects into the ElA such as economic analysis. This option is discussed in the report. Another way to improve the EIA is to change its focus to more strategic issues such as plans, progeärns and policies. This is made in a Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA). We find that SEA has a potential for use within the Armed Forces. However, there remains a considerable work to make it a regular step in the planning process. Finally we indicate a few cases where the ElA and the SEA might be applied in order to improve the environmental management within the Armed Forces.