As a part of their emergency preparedness owing to the events taking place on the 11th of September 2001, in New York and Washington, FOI, the Division of NBC Defence, initiated the project "The Afghanistan Study". The intention was to attach importance to NBC related environmental and health risks, if any, in Afghanistan or in neighbouring countries such as Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tadzjikistan, Pakistan or Iran. This report will focus on the situation in Afghanistan. "The Afghanistan Study" is a joint project, the parties being the Swedish Defence Research Agency (FOI), the Swedish Armed Forces (the divisions of MUST and Sjs), the National NBC Defence Centre (SkyddC), the Swedish EOD and Demining Centre (SWEDEC), the Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control (SMI) as well as interested parties from the Swedish Rescue Services Agency (SRV) and the National Board of Health and Welfare (SoS). The difficulties in receiving relevant information about the country of Afghanistan have varied. The quality of the base data existing at the time of the printing of the report, March 2002, will be included. The most important conclusion made from available information is that the industrial or thew NBC related health risks would most likely not make it impossible to stay in Afghanistan. Although, it is just a possibility that such problems could occur in some localities. The main risks connected to that of being in country are instead related to mines and unexploded ammunition, issues regarding saniation, diarrhoea diseases, crime as well as climatology (high altitude, high fluctuations of temperature).