One of the most important properties of metallic materials is their capability to tolerate large plastic deformation. Obviously, forging, stamping, rolling, and other deformation techniques may benefit from the plasticity of material. A less obvious aspect while being very important for the fatigue of metallic materials is the role of plasticity in reduction of stress concentration in complex structures. The local plastic yield reduces stress concentration so that high stress concentration may be tolerated in a structure. This aspect is seldom addressed when fatigue is considered. The yield may, however, lead to a different fatigue resistance in the affected zone. As a part of the HSM project to provide reference material data, an investigation is performed to study how the plastic deformation may change fatigue crack initiation and propagation property. An aluminium alloy, 2024-T3, is used throughout the research activity reported here.