Adaptive structures for aeronautical applications, a literature survey AD 2003

Progress in the development of adaptive structures for aeronautical applications, i.e. development of aircraft structures with an adaptive exterior or interior shape, is believed to have a potential to significantly improve the performance of future aircraft and UCAV´s. Severe radar-signature requirements and increased traditional aeronautical performance and flexibility requirements may, in combination with the technical progress, push innovative technical designs. This survey point at activities reported internationally, with a focus on novel techniques that may be applicable to future UCAV´s. Focus on work concerning how to accomplish changes to the vehicles exterior shape and the influence on aircraft performance. Investigations are carried out worldwide based on simulations, windtunnel- and flight-tests to gather experience and to make estimates of potential future aeronautical performance gains. Extensive activities are among other things carried out regarding development of components based on new techniques to accomplish mechanical motion. In the long term this may lead to new designs for instance replacing current designs based on hydraulics. Studies of more significant shape- or configuration-changes, so called morphing has also been reported. Such morphing requires significant technical evolution in actuator- and material-development. The most significant international activities are presented in the first chapters together with and estimate of national efforts needed. A broad description of reported activities is presented together with more references in an appendix.