C incidents in a winter climate - differences compared to summer conditions

Authors:

  • Claesson Ola
  • Karlsson Edvard
  • Nyström Björn
  • Persson Leif
  • Thorpsten Jerker

Publish date: 2005-01-01

Report number: FOI-R--1554--SE

Pages: 54

Written in: Swedish

Abstract

The impact of winter conditions (snow and low temperature) on dispersion processes, inhalation risks and contamination risks for chemical warfare agents and to some extent toxic industrial chemicals have been investigated through a literature study. The lack of knowledge is huge, but available results from field trials and improved computational models show that; - both persistent times and risk distances are increased during winter conditions - snow gives increased contact risks and contamination, especially on footwear - the concentration in the secondary cloud is generally lower during the winter