The Swedish Armed Forces have for the last twenty years changed a great deal. During the Cold War Sweden was non-aligned aiming at neutrality in case of war in the region. Characteristics of the Swedish Armed Forces during the Cold War were a total defence, a compulsory conscript system and an ambitious indigenous defence industry. After the Cold War Sweden has changed its defence towards greater similarities to other small-medium sized European states, though still non-aligned. The transformation has not advanced smoothly. Much remains to be done. The report deals with both methods for the future transformation and factual matters. Examples concerning methods: cost estimates, uncertainties, perspective studies, scenarios and procurements processes. Examples concerning subject matters: future tasks for the Swedish defence, personnel, materiel and defence structure for the future.