Extrusion of ADN

Authors:

  • Janis Ritums

Publish date: 2011-06-17

Report number: FOI-R--3203--SE

Pages: 22

Written in: Swedish

Keywords:

  • Ammonium Dinitramide (ADN)
  • melt
  • extrusion
  • process
  • safety

Abstract

Today, the manufacturing of prilled Ammonium Dinitramide (ADN) is a batch process with vast manual effort. Through continuous melting and transportation of ADN, the prilling process would be greatly improved. Since ADN is a highly energetic salt with a small process window great measure of precaution has to be met on process equipment in contact with the salt. The usage of an extruder to melt and transport ADN is definitely a feasible solution. Although, certain demands have to be met, like: ? Compatibility with the chosen process equipment materials ? Decomposition of ADN in the molten phase ? Power to the extruder ? Control of the process parameters ? A safe working environment (degassing, emergency cooling, pressure release) A few process equipment materials are fully compatible with molten ADN. Examples include Stainless Steel (SS2344, V4A, AlS1316), Aluminum, Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), e g Teflon & Perfluorinated Rubber e g Viton. A few types of materials should under no circumstance be in contact with ADN. Examples include Iron, Nickel, Copper and Silver compounds as well as their alloys, Cyanoacrylate resin & Polyacetals e g Delrin. ADN and its extraordinary physical properties have been studied and tested extensively. Some of that information is summarized in this report, e g: ? ADN will create a stable complex with water in the solid- as well as the molten state, within a certain concentration interval ? ADN will create nitrous gases upon decomposition ? The decomposition is catalyzed by extremely dry environments, RH<1%, and if kept in molten state for more than an hour ? The decomposition rate of molten ADN can be decreased by addition of MgO ? The shear viscosity of ADN change with shear rate which implies a non-newtonian flow behavior