In the field of life sciences, innovations and new technologies are being generated at an ever-increasing rate. Especially the two scientific disciplines of chemistry and biology are converging; including a growing overlap between biological and chemical production technologies. Today chemicals can be produced using biological processes, for example by using enzymatic catalysis. Reciprocally, it is possible to create and modify biological systems and microorganisms using chemical synthesis of DNA and proteins. This phenomenon is referred to as "BCconvergence". These advancements are fruitful and important for the well-being of society, including environmentally friendly production of biofuels, chemicals, medical therapeutics, etc. However, this development also leads to an increased risk of proliferation of the knowledge and capability to create biological and chemical weapons, possibly in new variants. In this report we focus on BC-convergence; the technology and its development, relevant research and its industrial applications. We also examine the implications of BC-convergence for the future work of the BTWC and the CWC.