Crater dimensions after detonations on or below ground level

A detonating high explosive charge located on or below ground surface may create a crater and adjacent structures and objects may be affected. If the detonation occurs on or below a paved surface, such as a runway at an airfield, the pavement may be damaged. In this report simple formulas are presented for estimation of damage extent. The formulas are based on review of literature about experiments but also fortification handbooks.