FOI carried out the research project Autonomous surveillance on behalf of the Swedish Armed Forces during the years 2021-25. The objective was to develop the knowledge regarding how autonomy and sensor fusion can be used to solve surveillance missions. In the future the new techniques are expected to reduce the staff needed to protect infrastructures of the armed forces and to improve the ability for early detection of intrusion and attack. One aspect is the staff endurance. In the long run the ability to protect personnel and infrastructure in complex environments shall be improved. Project focus was on technological problems implied by the introduction of autonomy. The solutions studied at the time of the project end were still deemed immature and unproven in applications relevant to the Swedish Armed Forces. At the same time, it was deemed that FOI research well matched international development trends within, for example, AI-based video analysis, distributed target tracking, autonomous surveillance vessels, and GNSS-independent navigation. These trends can contribute to the readiness of the technology and within a foreseeable future fundamentally change how technical surveillance is carried out.