The Swedish government has instructed several governmental agencies to start rebuilding Sweden's civil defence, which was in place during the Cold War. The nation's civil defence is, in addition to populations defence, concerned with protecting vital societal functions from the effects of war and supporting the military defence with goods and services. This report presents an analysis of, if and how, Swedish civil defence can build on the peacetime crisis management system, which has been in place for a number of years. The report shows that there are benefits to be had from building civil defence on the basis of peacetime crisis management. However, civil defence planning requires certain adaptations. First, additional material resources and personnel will be required in order to handle the specific characteristics of a wartime situation. Second, the risk for disturbances in international trade will require a greater focus on the security of supply of essential goods. Third, the recruitment of personnel will meet several challenges e.g. due to the risks involved in a territorial defence as opposed to crisis management. However, the state has instruments to enlist people in wartime that are not available during a crisis in peacetime. Finally, there is a risk that civil defence and peacetime crisis management will compete for the same limited resources, in preparing their respective tasks. There will be a greater need for swift coordination and cooperation between the public and private sector during wartime than during a peacetime crises. Nevertheless the involvement of large groups of people in defence planning activities will be made more difficult due to the greater need for secrecy.