Biometrics for technical surveillance
Publish date: 2021-02-05
Report number: FOI-R--5110--SE
Pages: 47
Written in: Swedish
Keywords:
- biometrics
- recognition
- technical surveillance
- characteristics
- ethics
- information security
Abstract
The report describes which biometric methods that can be useful for technical surveillance in the Swedish Armed Forces. Biometric methods are based on human individuals' biological or behavioural characteristics (for example, fingerprints or gait) in order to automatically recognise individuals. The use of biometrics has increased substantially in the last decade. Technical surveillance consists of technology used for surveillance and protection in order to monitor personnel and detect antagonists. Two evaluations were used to determine which biometric methods that are useful to the Swedish Armed Forces. The first evaluation was based on different sources' descriptions of the biometric methods, and how well the methods work theoretically or in general practical situations (lab environments). How these evaluations are conducted differs, and there are no complete evaluations. Above all, there are few evaluations that take into account the usage environment, the privacy of the recognisees, or the biometric method's resistance to attacks such as impersonation. Subsequently, an assessment was made of how well the methods worked in different use cases that are representative for the Swedish Armed Forces and its need for technical monitoring. It turned out that the best and most relevant methods are recognition based on either iris, fingerprint, face, or ear. However, these evaluations have also been made at a fairly general level. For specific situations and products, the Swedish Armed Forces need to evaluate further, not least to compare with the use of non-biometric alternatives. There are also research challenges, for example in developing more secure biometric methods where individuals cannot be impersonated based on leaked databases of biometric data.