This report analyses Brazil's security policy and strategic outlook, by looking at the country's political history, domestic political challenges, its perception of self and threats, its relations with key geopolitical stakeholders, and its defence policy and strategy. Brazil is a South American regional power and which places great emphasis on strategic autonomy and sovereignty. Western powers sometimes perceive Brazil's posturing as contradictory due to its historical ties to the West and its increasingly strong relations with China and Russia. This report contends that Brazil's actions are, in large part, explained by its great power ambitions and willingness to challenge existing power structures in the world. Even though its defence force is the largest in South America, it is hampered by high personnel costs and aging weapons systems. The economy remains vulnerable because of its dependence on agricultural and commodity exports.