Swedish views on terms and quality in intelligence

Authors:

  • Fredrik Lindvall
  • Mikael Wiklund

Publish date: 2011-07-15

Report number: FOI-R--3232--SE

Pages: 26

Written in: Swedish

Keywords:

  • Intelligence
  • definition
  • quality

Abstract

That policy makers will benefit from good intelligence is not a controversial claim, but what constitutes good intelligence has been a debated issue both in national and international forums in recent years. The background to this work is an ambition to increase the transparency of how the Swedish intelligence community organizations and personnel look at intelligence and quality. These perspectives are essential to understand for those who work in and those who will manage the business. The purpose of this study is to give a Swedish view on the concept of intelligence and the quality of intelligence reporting. The two main subjects are how people in the Swedish intelligence community look at the concept of intelligence and how Swedish intelligence-related documents portray quality in reporting. An essentially exploratory and descriptive approach is used in this study, since the focus is on Swedish perspectives. Comparable studies or experiences from other countries are hardly available. The people interviewed and the surveyed papers mainly reflect perspectives from the Swedish Armed Forces Military Intelligence and Security Directorate, the National Defence Radio Establishment, but also Ministry of Defense and some unclassified literature. Through a qualitative content analysis the study identifies various themes in the first two question areas. These themes then merged into categories and main categories. Uniqueness is the first parent category and that includes the unique characteristics of intelligence from a customer perspective, both in relation to other information services and in relation to what other actors can find out. Relevance is the second overarching theme. Intelligence should be relevant to the customer based on expressed needs, timing, sense of reality and credibility. Craftsmanship is the third general category, and refers to the extent to which intelligence keeps an inner quality, or is linked to internally related ideals, independent of the customer and the outside world.